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991.
992.
Using a three‐sector general equilibrium model with non‐traded goods, we investigate the impact of foreign direct investment on the real wages of skilled and unskilled workers. We show that foreign direct investment increases the real wages of skilled and unskilled workers alike, but widens the gap between the two under plausible conditions. 相似文献
993.
Wildlife tourism experiences have the potential to positively impact tourists’ awareness, appreciation and actions in relation to the specific wildlife they encounter and the environment in general. This paper investigates the extent of such impact across multiple sites, and uses Structural Equation Modelling to identify factors that best predict positive long-term learning and environmental behaviour change outcomes. Three sets of variables were measured – visitors’ entering attributes (including pre-visit environmental orientation and motivation for the visit), salient aspects of the experience, and short- and long-term learning and environmental behaviour change outcomes. Although attributes such as pre-visit commitment and motivation to learn were among the best predictors of the long-term impact of the experience, there was evidence that aspects of the experience were also important. In particular, reflective engagement which involved cognitive and affective processing of the experience was found to be associated with short- and long-term environmental learning outcomes. The implications for wildlife tourism managers are discussed. 相似文献
994.
Florian Kerschbaum 《Business & Information Systems Engineering》2011,3(3):135-143
Cloud computing entails a novel security threat: The cloud service provider is entrusted with the data of all its customers.
This may not be sustainable for highly confidential data. Encryption, or more generally cryptography, may provide a solution
by computing on data encrypted by the customers. While this solution is theoretically appealing, it raises a number of research
questions in information system design. 相似文献
995.
Davida Finger 《The Review of Black Political Economy》2011,38(4):327-337
This article reflects on the post-Katrina demolition of public housing communities in New Orleans and associated loss of affordable
apartments with a focus on the Columbia Parc redevelopment. Some key issues regarding displacement, race, gender, and public
housing policies are referenced throughout. A concluding discussion of advocacy efforts to frame housing as a human right
highlights a central, unmet movement demand: one for one replacement of all demolished public housing. 相似文献
996.
It has been argued that “paternalistically motivated forced savings constitutes an important, and to some the most important,
rationale for social security retirement systems.” This paper revisits the role played by myopia in generating a theoretical
rationale for pay-as-you-go (PAYG) social security in dynamically efficient economies. If the competing asset is linear storage
and myopic agents are allowed to borrow against future pension benefits, there is no welfare-rationale for PAYG pensions.
Sufficiently strong myopia may justify such pensions only if agents cannot borrow against their future pension, but then they
are at a zero-saving corner. With enough myopia, co-existence of positive optimal pensions and positive private saving is
possible if the return to saving declines with saving, as in a model with a neoclassical technology. 相似文献
997.
As part of a new focus on sustainability, this study examines the effects of technological attributes, market potential, and
environmental factors on the commercialization of technologies. A survey was conducted on two of Taiwan’s promising sustainable
high-tech industries—solar photovoltaic (PV) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). We found that if the technologies possess the
specific attributes of innovativeness, genericness, simplicity, and compatibility, as required by the potential adopters,
the level of market potential will be more favorable and technology commercialization (TC) probability will be higher. In
addition, the results of regression analysis indicate that environmental requirements play moderating roles in affecting the
relationships between market potential and TC probability. The empirical findings highlight the role of market potential as
a mediator between technological attributes and the likelihood of commercialization. Furthermore, environmental factors moderate
the influence of market potential on TC. The results of this study can provide firms’ operations with insights into resource
allocation, sustainable development, and competitive advantages in an intensely competitive environment. 相似文献
998.
Leire San-Jose Jose Luis Retolaza Jorge Gutierrez-Goiria 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,100(1):151-173
This article studies the differences between traditional financial intermediaries (commercial banks, savings banks and cooperative
banks) and ethical banks based on property rights, in which the owner decides the ideology, principles, standards and objectives
of the organisation. In ethical banking, affinity centres on positive social and ethical values. The article consequently
focuses on an index proposed both to differentiate ethical banks from other types of banks, and also to pinpoint the differences
between the various ethical banks themselves. This is the Radical Affinity Index (RAI), which groups banks together in terms
of their stance on ethical commitment, concentrating on ethical ideology and principles (information transparency, placement
of assets, guarantees and participation) and using a sample of 114 European banks. The evidence shows that transparency of
information and placement of assets are factors that differentiate ethical banks from other financial intermediaries. Guarantees
and participation are characteristics specific to ethical banks; these variables, however, do not offer clear evidence to
our analysis. 相似文献
999.
Freight demand elasticity studies vary significantly in terms of the demand measure, data type, estimation method, commodity type, etc. This wide variation makes it difficult to compare empirical estimates when the differences may arise in part from the methods and data used. In this paper we conduct a comparative analysis to identify systematic sources of influence on direct price elasticity estimates in the context of freight transport, distinguishing between road, rail, and sea transport, using published direct price elasticities from 12 elasticity-derivative studies from five countries. The study focuses on revealed preference elasticities defined by the freight rate for tonnes and tonne kilometres of inter-city freight movements. Systematic sources that explain differences in direct price elasticities include the demand elasticity measure, mode, commodity class, model estimation form, country, and temporal nature of data (e.g., cross-section). Analysts can utilise the model outputs to adjust the empirical evidence from specific studies to control for differences that impact on the behavioural implications of comparative evidence. 相似文献
1000.
This article evaluates various models’ predictive power for U.S. inflation rate using a simulated out-of-sample forecasting
framework. The starting point is the traditional unemployment Phillips curve. We show that a factor Phillips curve model is
superior to the traditional Phillips curve, and its performance is comparable to other factor models. We find that a factor
AR model is superior to the factor Phillips curve model, and is the best bivariate or factor model at longer horizons. Finally,
we investigate a New Keynesian Phillips curve model, and find that its forecasting performance dominates all other models
at the longer horizons. 相似文献